13-B3 Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing
Consider the following information pertaining to a year’s operations of Youngstown Manufacturing:
Units sold 1,400
Units produced 1,600
Direct labor $4,200
Direct materials used 3,500
Fixed manufacturing overhead 2,200
Variable manufacturing overhead 300
Selling and administrative expenses (all fixed) 700
Beginning inventories 0
Contribution margin 5,600
Direct-material inventory, end 800
There are no work-in-process inventories.
1. What is the ending finished-goods inventory cost under absorption costing?
2. What is the ending finished-goods inventory cost under variable costing?
13-45 Variable and Absorption Costing
Chan Manufacturing Company data for 20X7 follow:
Sales: 12,000 units at $17 each
Actual production 15,000 units
Expected volume of production 18,000 units
Manufacturing costs incurred
Variable $120,000
Fixed 63,000
Nonmanufacturing costs incurred
Variable $ 24,000
Fixed 18,000
1. Determine operating income for 20X7, assuming the firm uses the variable-costing approach to
product costing. (Do not prepare a statement.)
2. Assume that there is no January 1, 20X7, inventory; no variances are allocated to inventory; and
the firm uses a “full absorption” approach to product costing. Compute (a) the cost assigned to
December 31, 20X7, inventory; and (b) operating income for the year ended December 31, 20X7.
(Do not prepare a statement.)
13-48 Overhead Variances
Study Appendix 13. Consider the following data for the Rivera Company:
Factory Overhead
Fixed Variable
Actual incurred $14,200 $13,300
Budget for standard hours allowed
for output achieved 12,500 11,000
Applied 11,600 11,000
Budget for actual hours of input 12,500 11,400
From the above information, fill in the blanks below. Be sure to mark your variances F for favorable
and U for unfavorable.
a. Flexible-budget variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
b. Production-volume variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
c. Spending variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
d. Efficiency variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
13-49 Variances
Study Appendix 13. Consider the following data regarding factory overhead:
Variable Fixed
Budget for actual hours of input $45,000 $70,000
Applied 41,000 64,800
Budget for standard hours allowed
for actual output achieved ? ?
Actual incurred 48,500 68,500
Using the above data, fill in the following blanks with the variance amounts. Use F for favorable or U
for unfavorable for each variance.
Total Overhead Variable Fixed
1. Spending variance ______ ______ ______
2. Efficiency variance ______ ______ ______
3. Production-volume variance ______ ______ ______
4. Flexible-budget variance ______ ______ ______
5. Underapplied overhead ______ ______ ______
Solution
The solution has detailed step by step instructions and calculations to arrive at the answers. The calculations have been double checked to ensure that they are accurate.
For 13-B3, Youngstown Manufacturing case, the ending finished goods inventory is calculated using variable and absorption costing methods. The steps are given in detail for both the methods.
For 13-45, Chan Manufacturing company, both the questions are answered in the most elaborate manner.
For 13-48, Rivera Company case, the flexible budget variance, production volume variance, spending variance and efficiency variance are computed with step by step instructions.
For 13-49, similarly all the variances are calculated accurately and presented in the solution.
No. of Words:
745 words
References:
n/a
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